Total cost of ownership
The principle of the total cost of ownership began with Gartner who identified that the hardware cost of a computer was only a small part of the total cost. Training, support, software licenses, energy, depreciation, insurance etc all added up and are examples of the total cost of a computer that does not appear on the original purchase invoice. It is hard for procurement people who are measured on ("hard dollar") savings to target total cost because it is often difficult to model and even harder to measure. But that are instances where the total cost of ownership is more important than the initial purchase price I'm good practice is to focus on both in proportion to their contribution to the organisation